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　　起重机结构框架的优化设计

　　摘要

　　为了找到能够容易地安装在常规农用车辆上以及从常规农用车辆移除的多用途起重装置的最具成本效益的设计,在支撑装置的主框架上执行包括材料和制造费用两者的成本优化。优化受到局部和全局屈曲和疲劳状况的限制。将Snyman的基于梯度的LFOPC优化算法应用于连续优化问题,导致经济地确定明确的连续解,然后将其用作离散可用轮廊集合内的邻域搜索的起点,以获得离散最佳。对于不同的钢种以及与不同国家的制造和材料成本相关的最佳进一步调查。还研究了优化目标函数的公式变化的影响。结果表明,通过优化可以获得相当大的成本效益,即在不同国家进行成本核算不一定导致相同的最具成本效益的设计,并且准确地表达目标函数(即现实的数学建模)对于获得最大的收益预期的设计最佳。

　　Optimal design of a hoist structure frame

　　Abstract

　　In an attempt to find the most cost effective design of a multipurpose hoisting device that can be easily mounted on and removed from a regular farm vehicle, cost optimisation including both material and manufacturing expenditure, is performed on the main frame supporting the device. The optimisation is constrained by local and global buckling and fatigue conditions. Implementation of Snyman's gradientbased LFOPC optimisation algorithm to the continuous optimisation problem, results in the economic determination of an unambiguous continuous solution, which is then utilised as the starting point for a neighbourhood search within the discrete set of profiles available, to attain the discrete optimum. This optimum is further investigated for a different steel grade and for the manufacturing and material cost pertaining to different countries. The effect of variations in the formulation of the objective function for optimisation is also investigated. The results indicate that considerable cost benefits can be obtained by optimisation, that costing in different countries do not necessarily result in the same most cost effective design, and that accurate formulation of the objective function, i.e. realistic mathematical modelling, is of utmost importance in obtaining the intended design optimum. O 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.